翻譯資格考試常見英語(yǔ)詞語(yǔ)辨析14

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58.at last, in time, finally與in the end

這幾個(gè)詞語(yǔ)都有“終于”或“最后”的意思。at last 強(qiáng)調(diào)久等之后例: a. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of special type of grass seed which would grow quickly.在火終于被撲滅的時(shí)候，森林管理局訂購(gòu)了好幾噸特殊速生草籽。b. When the dentist at last removed the cotton wool from my mouth, I was able to tell him that he had pulled out the wrong tooth.在牙科醫(yī)生終于把藥棉從我嘴中取出時(shí)，我才勉強(qiáng)地告訴他說(shuō)，他把牙拔錯(cuò)了。c. At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California.消防隊(duì)員終于撲滅了加利福尼亞州的一場(chǎng)森林大火。in time 表示經(jīng)過(guò)一段不定的時(shí)間之后例: a. In time, all Sams money was paid back in this way.山姆所有的錢終于都用這種辦法歸還了。b. You will learn how to do it in time.這項(xiàng)工作你最終總能學(xué)會(huì)做的。注:in time 還有“及時(shí)”的意思。finally 也表示久等之后，但有時(shí)表示在一系列因素的最后一個(gè)之后。例: a. After putting it off three times, we finally managed to have a holiday in Greece.推遲了三次度假之后，我們終于在希臘度了假。b. We need to increase productivity. We need to reduce unemployment. And finally, we need to make our exports competitive on world markets.我們需要增加生產(chǎn)率，減少失業(yè)率，最后我們需要使我們的出口產(chǎn)品在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。in the end 和 finally 同義，但 finally 一般位于謂語(yǔ)前。這些詞除 finally 之外，其他三個(gè)都可以用在謂語(yǔ)前，也可位于謂語(yǔ)后。例: a. In the end, we stay at home and look after everything.最后，我們還是呆在家里照看著一切。b. He tried many ways of earning, in the end he became a farm labourer.他試過(guò)許多謀生之道，最后他做了農(nóng)場(chǎng)工人。

59.delay, postpone與put off

均含“推遲”、“延期”、“延緩”的意思。delay 指“暫時(shí)阻撓或阻擋, 稍后可再繼續(xù)進(jìn)行”例:The steamer was delayed by bad weather.汽輪因天氣不佳而延期。postpone是正式用語(yǔ), 語(yǔ)義較強(qiáng), 指“有意識(shí)地延至將來(lái)某一特定時(shí)間”, 在多數(shù)情況下, 后面說(shuō)明改在何時(shí)進(jìn)行例:The meeting has been postponed to Friday.會(huì)議推遲到星期五舉行。put off與postpone大致同義, 但較通俗口語(yǔ)化例:Let's put this off till some other time.我們還是把這擱一擱, 以后再說(shuō)吧。

60.attempt與try

它們的一般含義是致力于可能成功也可能失敗的某件事。attempt 的含義是去做自己希望會(huì)成功的事，常常包含冒險(xiǎn)的意義。例：a. It will be a long time before any landing on Mars can be attempted

試圖在火星上著陸是一件遙遠(yuǎn)的事。b. Over a year passed before the first attempt was made. 一年多的時(shí)間過(guò)去之后，才作了首次嘗試。try 比 attempt 普通得多。在口語(yǔ)中使用 try 比使用 attempt 顯得淺近通俗。但這兩個(gè)詞有著明顯的差異。try 表示試一試，意即欲證明或檢驗(yàn)?zāi)臣?，這是attempt 所不能表達(dá)的。在表示致力于某事時(shí)，try 并不包含冒險(xiǎn)的意思。例：a. You can try on the new coat. 這件新上衣，你可以試一試。b. I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cotton wool.我想說(shuō)句話，但我嘴里塞滿了藥棉。